Traditions that explain what justice is in different cultures are inextricably linked with history and religion. This is especially important in Islam. According to Muslim ideas, the principle of justice underlies the social order and allows people to live in harmony and peace, developing morality. In the history of Islam, the idea of justice has always pointed to well-being and harmony, implying the need to maintain state order, which was expressed in norms and rules.
The legacy of ancient times was quite accessible to philosophers of the Islamic world. Epicurus, in the course of his reflections, came to the conclusion: justice is relative and depends on circumstances. Aristotle believed that one of the foundations of the family and the state is justice. The most influential scholar of the Muslim Middle Ages, Ibn Sina, called the center of justice the human mind. Its meaning, according to the thinker, lies not only in ethics, but also in the legal field. Islamic law acts as a model and example of behavior in strict accordance with the canons of doctrine.
The principle of justice in Islam affects all people equally. It follows from the Holy Quran that the ideal of justice established by Allah cannot be a subject of discussion and is absolute and unattainable for an ordinary person. However, everyone by nature has an individuality: character, taste, guidelines, special qualities - this is evidence of differences in society, according to which rights and obligations are distributed among Muslims.
Such inequality must be regulated in such a way as not to upset the balance and not to infringe on the rights of each member of society. Another support for the ideas of justice in Islam is equality. Absolutely all people are equal before Allah and have the same rights along with human dignity. Rights regulate harmonious human relations and act equally for everyone, but at the same time the social status of each person is also taken into account. Personality and status are formed from moral deeds and actions, and mercy and justice are proclaimed as the basis of Islamic society.
Historically, Sharia has guaranteed social justice and strengthened relations between Muslims by monitoring compliance with rights and laws. It strictly prohibits deception and fraud, bribery and corruption, monopolization and abuse of other people's resources. In the conditions of property stratification in modern capitalist society, Sharia calls for justice: resources must be distributed wisely and used strictly for their intended purpose. Otherwise, the preconditions for social ill-being are created.
In traditional Islam, discrimination is prohibited. The diversity of social forms of human existence, as well as the presence of many nations and cultures, speak of the non-random nature of the universe: this was the divine plan. In the Holy Quran, the 13th ayat of the Surah "The Room" states: "O mankind! Indeed, We have created you from a male and a female and made you into nations and tribes that you may know one another. And the most honored of you in the sight of the Most High is the most God-fearing."
Flaunting one's noble origin and oppressing others because of their low position is a sign of deep ignorance. In a just society, reigns equality, and people have equal access to benefits. Injustice in Islam is characterized by a person's departure from the prescriptions of Allah, failure to comply with the norms and rules established by the Almighty. Moral and legal consciousness within the framework of Sharia represent unity. Therefore, Islam considers violation of prohibitions as a rejection of the main goal of human - worship of God.
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